Discrepancies between DNA index by flow cytometry and cytogenetic studies in childhood B-Lymphoblastic leukemia

Nour Almozain; Ayman Mashi; Suleimman Al-Sweedan; Asim Belgaumi; Faisal Rawas; Randa Alnounou

doi:10.4103/joah.joah_14_18

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Year : 2018 | Volume : 9 | Issue : 2 | Page : 45-50

Discrepancies between DNA index by flow cytometry and cytogenetic studies in childhood B-Lymphoblastic leukemia

Nour Almozain¹, Ayman Mashi², Suleimman Al-Sweedan³, Asim Belgaumi⁴, Faisal Rawas⁵, Randa Alnounou⁵
¹ Division of Hematology, Department of Pathology, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
² Hematology Section, Pathology Department, King Fahad Central Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
³ Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
⁴ Division of Hematology Oncology, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar
⁵ Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Randa Alnounou
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Riyadh
Saudi Arabia

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None

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DOI: 10.4103/joah.joah_14_18

BACKGROUND: DNA index by flow cytometry (DNAI-FCM) is a rapid technique used in classification of acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). The objective of this study is to estimate the reliability of FCM in the early classification of childhood B-ALL and to analyze the causes of discrepancies between the DNAI-FCM and the cytogenetic studies (CG) (Karyotype and Fluorescent in situ Hybridization [FISH]). MATERIALS AND METHODS: DNAI-FCM and CG (Karyotype and FISH) were analyzed in 69 consecutive children, newly diagnosed with B-ALL in King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre between January 2013 and June 2014. RESULTS: A statistically significant correlation existed between DNAI-FCM and CG (P = 0.001). DNAI-FCM was proportional to CG in 82.6% (57/69) of the cases. There was a discrepancy between the DNAI-FCM and the CG in 17.4% (12/69) of the cases. CONCLUSION: DNAI-FCM shows 82.6% concordance with CG in childhood B-ALL with a predictive value of 81%. Discrepancies occur due to either the small size of the chromosome or due to insufficient genetic material representing the abnormality.

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