| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2018 | Volume
: 9
| Issue : 3 | Page : 95-100 |
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Hematological profile of newborns exposed to maternal human immunodeficiency virus and antiretroviral therapy
Ibrahim Abdulqadir1, Aminu Abba Yusuf2, Muhammad Alhaji Ndakotsu1, Abubakar Umar Musa1, Mujtaba Mashi Isyaku3, Sagir Gumel Ahmed2, Jamilu Tukur4
1 Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria
2 Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
3 Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Federal Medical Center, Katsina, Nigeria
4 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bayero University Kano/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Ibrahim Abdulqadir
Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto
Nigeria
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/joah.joah_57_17
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BACKGROUND: Thousands of pregnant women are infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and some of them take antiretroviral therapy (ART) either for their own health or as a means of preventing mother-to-child transmission. This entails fetal exposure to drugs with attendant effect on hematological parameters.
AIMS: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of maternal HIV and ART on hematological profile of newborns.
SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Comparative cross-sectional study involving 70 each of HIV- and ART-exposed and HIV- and ART-unexposed newborns at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Cord blood was collected for hemogram, reticulocyte count, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS: The mean hematocrit, platelet, and reticulocyte counts of the HIV-exposed newborns were significantly lower than those of HIV-unexposed (P < 0.05). Among HIV-exposed newborns, newborns of mothers with CD4+ T-cell <350/μl had significantly lower hematological parameters than those of mothers with CD4+ T-cell ≥350/μl (P < 0.05). Furthermore, HIV-exposed newborns of mothers on second-line ART had significantly lower hematological parameters than HIV-exposed newborns of mothers on the first-line ART (P < 0.05). There was positive correlation between maternal CD4+ T-cell count and newborns' hematocrit (r = 0.71), platelet count (r = 0.54), and reticulocyte count (r = 0.63).
CONCLUSIONS: Newborns exposed to maternal HIV and ART had lower hematological parameters than HIV-unexposed newborns and maternal CD4+ T-cell count <350/μl and second-line ART were significantly associated with lower hematological parameters. |
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